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Digital imaging of film-based cephalograms using a digital camera

Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2004³â 34±Ç 5È£ p.448 ~ 457
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Abstract

ȯÀÚÀÇ Áø´Ü°ú Ä¡·á°èȹ ¼ö¸³½Ã ÇʼöÀûÀÎ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø ºÐ¼®À» À§ÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ °³¹ß·Î ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Çʸ§µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁøÀ» µðÁöÅÐ À̹ÌÁö·Î Àüȯ½ÃÅ°´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¶§ µðÁöÅÐ Ä«¸Þ¶ó¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ °æ¿ì ÃÊÁ¡°Å¸®¿¡ µû¸¥ À̹ÌÁöÀÇ ¿Ö°îÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϴµ¥ ÀÌ´Â µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø ºÐ¼®½Ã °èÃøÄ¡ÀÇ ¿ÀÂ÷¸¦ ¹ß»ý½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ À̹ÌÁö Å©±â¿Í ¾ÐÃàºñ¿¡ µû¸¥ µðÁöÅÐ À̹ÌÁöÀÇ Áú¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­µµ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø ºÐ¼®½Ã °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ °úÁ¤ÀÎ °èÃøÁ¡½Äº°¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¿ÀÂ÷¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
µû¶ó¼­ º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â COOLPIX4500 µðÁöÅÐ Ä«¸Þ¶ó(Nikon, Japan)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Çʸ§ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁøÀ» µðÁöÅÐ À̹ÌÁö·Î Àüȯ½Ã ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ¿Ö°îÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â ÃÊÁ¡°Å¸®¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÏ°í Çʸ§ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø»ó¿¡¼­ º¸ÀÌ´Â ¼öÁØÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ °èÃøÁ¡ ½Äº°À» À§ÇÑ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ µðÁöÅÐ Ä«¸Þ¶ó ¼ÂÆÿ¡ °üÇÏ¿© Á¶»çÇÑ °á°ú ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº °á·ÐÀ» ¾ò¾ú´Ù.
±âÁ¸ÀÇ Çʸ§ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø ÃÔ¿µ½Ã ÃÊÁ¡°Å¸® 16.4mm (35mm Çʸ§ Ä«¸Þ¶ó·Î ȯ»ê½Ã 79.4mm)¿¡¼­ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ »óÀÇ ¿Ö°îÀ» º¸¿´´Ù.
ÃÊÁ¡°Å¸®°¡ 16.4mmº¸´Ù ªÀº ±¤°¢(wide) ÃÔ¿µ½Ã »óÀÇ ¿øÅëÇü ¿Ö°î(barrel distortion)ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇß°í 16.4mm º¸´Ù ±ä ¸Á¿ø(tele) ÃÔ¿µ½Ã »óÀÇ ½ÇÆÐÇü ¿Ö°î(pincushion distortion)ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇß´Ù.
Çʸ§ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø»ó¿¡¼­ Á÷Á¢ ¼ÕÀ¸·Î tracingÇÑ Çʸ§ À̹ÌÁö ¼ÂÆà ¼öÁØÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ °èÃøÁ¡ ½Äº°À» À§ÇÑ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ µðÁöÅÐ Ä«¸Þ¶ó ¼ÂÆÃÀº 2272¡¿1704 pixel normal(1/8) compression À̾ú´Ù.
µû¶ó¼­ COOLPIX4500 µðÁöÅÐ Ä«¸Þ¶ó(Nikon, Japan)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ±âÁ¸ÀÇ Çʸ§ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁøÀ» µðÁöÅÐ À̹ÌÁö·Î ÀüȯÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ÃÊÁ¡°Å¸® 16.4mm¿¡¼­ ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ 2272¡¿1704Çȼ¿(pixel) À̹ÌÁö »çÀÌÁî¿Í normal (1/8) ¾ÐÃàºñÀÇ ¼ÂÆÃÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

As computer programs for cephalometric analysis were developed in diagnosis & treatment planning, digital imaging of film-based cephalograms came to be needed. When a digital camera is used, a problem encountered is the image distortion produced according to the focal length, which causes errors in indentifying landmarks. In addition, changes in the image size and compression ratio will inevitably produce a low quality image, causing errors in identifying landmarks.
Hence, we have found the focal length producing the least image distortion when digital imaging the film-based cephalograms and the minimal digital camera setting which helps to identify the correct landmarks using the COOLPIX4500 digital camera (Nikon, Japan).
The results were as follows:
The image distortion was minimized at a focal length of 16.4mm (79.4mm when converted into a 35mm film camera) when digital imaging the film-based cephalograms.
When wide imaging, with a focal length of under 16.4mm, barrel distortion was found and when tele imaging, with a focal length of over 16.4mm, pincushion distortion was found.
The minimal digital camera setting was 2272¡¿1704 pixel at normal (1/8) compression from which we can identify the correct landmarks at the same level as tracing the film-based cephalograms manually.
As a result, when digital imaging the film-based cephalograms, using a COOLPIX4500 digital camera (Nikon, Japan), the focal length should be 16.4mm, the pixel image size over 2272¡¿1704, and the compression ratio over normal (1/8).

Å°¿öµå

µðÁöÅÐ Ä«¸Þ¶ó;Çʸ§ µÎºÎ¹æ»ç¼±»çÁø;µðÁöÅÐ À̹ÌÁö Àüȯ;°èÃøÁ¡ ½Äº° ¿ÀÂ÷;Digital camera;Film-based cephalogram;Digital imaging;Error of landmark identification

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